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The above calendar is quite 'user-friendly'. Merely, input the month number
that you want (1 through 12), input the year (anything after 1600), click
'CALCULATE' and then the entire month will be displayed.
The 'modern' calendar is based upon the amount of time it takes the Earth to
go through one seasonal cycle (called a 'Tropical Year' - about 365.25 days).
More than 2,000 years ago, the Romans were aware of this and made every
fourth year have 366 days which was accurate enough for a timespan of a few
centuries. However, the Tropical Year is not exactly 365.25 days - it
is slightly less. So, by the 1500's, the calendar was 10 days out of step
with the seasons. Most of Europe adjusted their calendars by eliminating
10 days of the calendar in 1582.
Other countries eventually compensated for this and a new calendar rule was
adopted. Every 4th year would still be a Leap Year with speacial exceptions
for certain "Century Years' (1700 1800, etc). If such a year is divided by
400 and has no remainder, then it will be a leap year as is the case with
2000 and 2400. If there is a remainder, then it will only be a 365 day year
as is the case with 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, etc. You may test this by inputting
February for these years.
Are you wondering what JD, MJD and TJD are?
Here the 'zero' point is November 17, 1858 at MIDNIGHT. (or expressing it mathematically - Modified Julian Day Number = JD# -2,400,000.5). Now there were fewer digits to deal with and the day changed at midnight just as it does in the civil calendar in common use today. Still another sytem was introduced called:
Here the zero point is May 24, 1968 at MIDNIGHT. (Expressed mathematically, TJD = MJD# -40,000 and TJD = JD# -2,440,000.5).
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